Binary manipulators are powered by actuators which have only two stable states. Therefore, they can reach only a discrete (but possibly large) number of locations. Compared to a manipulator built with continuous actuators, a binary manipulator provides reasonable performance, and is relatively inexpensive (up to an order of magnitude cheaper). The number of states of a binary manipulator grows ...

In this paper, we study the existence of solution of the four-point boundary value problem for second-order differential equations with impulses by using leray-Schauder theory: ⎧⎨ ⎩ x′′(t) = f(t, x(t), x′(t)), t ∈ [0, 1], t = tk, k = 1, 2,··· ,m Δx(tk) = Ik(x(tk)), k = 1, 2,··· ,m Δx′(tk) = Ik(x(tk), x ′(tk)), k = 1, 2,··· ,m x′(0) = αx′(ξ), x(1) = βx(η), (E) where 0 < ξ ≤ η < 1, α ≥ 0, β ≥ 0 a...

The shift to modularized cars leads to the need for early and precise concept decisions for the development of modules. Many module definitions focus on the interaction between modules to make them upgradeable. The focus here is on modules that have to work with unknown restrictions in terms of uncertainty. In this paper, emphasis is put on unknown car styling in early design stages. Because of...

Abstract. Let Rk(n) be the number of representations of an integer n as the sum of a prime and a k-th power for k ≥ 2. Furthermore, set Ek(X) = |{n ≤ X, n ∈ Ik, n not a sum of a prime and a k-th power}|. In the present paper we use sieve techniques to obtain a strong upper bound on Rk(n) for n ≤ X with no exceptions, and we improve upon the results of A. Zaccagnini to prove Ek(X) ≪k X 1−181 log...

A complete proof of the quark Reggeization hypothesis in the leading logarithmic approximation for any quark–gluon inelastic process in the multi–Regge kinematics in all orders of α s is given. First, we show that the multi–Regge form of QCD amplitudes is guarantied if a set of conditions on the Reggeon vertices and the trajectories is fulfilled. Then, we examine these conditions and show that ...

Some rigorous results can be derived using a very simple approach to hadron spectroscopy, in which a static potential is associated with non-relativistic kinematics. Several regularities of the experimental spectrum are explained by such models. It is underlined that certain methods developed for hadronic physics have found applications in other fields, in particular atomic physics. A few resul...

The information required for solving the inverse kinematic problem associated with any single-loop spatial mechanism is essentially stored in the inverse kinematic solution set of the orthogonal spherical mechanism (SS ÿ 3 for short). The ®rst part of this paper is devoted to the characterization of SS ÿ 3 in terms of its connectivity, singularities and symmetries. The second one focuses on ®nd...

Some rigorous results can be derived using a very simple approach to hadron spectroscopy, in which a static potential is associated with non-relativistic kinematics. Several regularities of the experimental spectrum are explained by such models. It is underlined that certain methods developed for hadronic physics have found applications in other fields, in particular atomic physics. A few resul...